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To best follow the rotations and risk aversion associated with the recalibration in economic growth expectations and inflation concerns, we continue to follow interest rate volatility very closely. Investors know that we have long since shifted some of our focus from equity index volatility and skew toward interest rate volatility as our preferred indicator for risk appetite. In choosing to the follow the MOVE Index (Merrill Lynch Option Volatility Estimate) more closely than the VIX Index (CBOE Volatility Index), we are judging that interest rate volatility, on both a realized and implied volatility basis, is the best indicator for risk appetite and stability across the full range of relative value disciplines.

As our focus on interest rate volatility is somewhat unique amongst our peers, the question often arises, why are we so focused on this relatively obscure market index and risk measure? The answer is two-fold. First, we believe that interest rates serve as the fulcrum point for the economy, providing a comprehensive view about growth, inflation, and policy all at once. Second, interest rates are the benchmark for risk-free returns and are central to the valuation of every asset in investor portfolios. Put simply, when interest rate volatility is high, certainty about economic conditions and confidence in asset valuations is low, often manifesting itself as risk aversion amongst relative value investors, especially those who operate on leverage.

Following the MOVE Index in the first quarter, we can clearly see the telltale spike in interest rate volatility that occurred, bringing with it both risk aversion and violent factor rotations within the equity markets. Encouragingly though, we started to see signs of stabilization in interest rate volatility at the end of the quarter, which we feel bodes well for our strategies for the coming months (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Rising interest rate volatility suggests reduced investor confidence

Figure 2: 2020 also experienced periods of high interest rate volatility

It should not come as a surprise that we undertook some portfolio deleveraging in early March, just as we did in early October 2020, given the spike in interest rate volatility (Figure 2). However, just as we did in November 2020, we began to increase leverage again at the end of the first quarter in anticipation of interest rate volatility beginning to normalize.

We continue to be very focused on the macroeconomic landscape to provide the broadest possible lens for our investment process. Again, this is not to make first order directional risk allocations to different asset classes, but rather to help us understand which segments of the market are most likely to experience high levels of dispersion of securities performance.

Operating a multi-strategy, relative value approach to investing aligns our capital with structural alpha opportunities and insulates us significantly from risk aversion events emanating from macroeconomic developments. We subscribe to the idea that a healthy paranoia is useful in monitoring our portfolio and strategies. In fact, while some relative value investors experienced substantial performance challenges in the first quarter attributable to crowding, concentration, and leverage, it is undeniable that some of those challenges were catalyzed by the shifting macroeconomic landscape and risk outlook.

As we have repeatedly discussed in prior letters, in addition to our core relative value strategies, we are benefiting from the fact that we have a significant amount of our capital aligned with several structural alpha opportunities. These are driven by six mega trends occurring within the financial markets: the size of US credit markets, environmentally focused investing, Chinese equity markets, special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), private credit, and supply chain finance. While we see each of these trends as long duration in nature likely lasting for several years and will have capital allocated to them consistently, the specific opportunity set and available returns will ebb and flow at different points in time, presenting unique opportunities and meriting more of our attention.

Supply chain finance is an area that is getting a lot of our attention right now, as the operating difficulties of several important players in the ecosystem have created a significant supply/demand imbalance that favors investors. Recent negative press surrounding supply chain finance is a product of localized, firm-specific issues, not a blight on the asset class as whole. In fact, these difficulties at several important players in the ecosystem have created a significant supply/demand imbalance that is enhancing the attractiveness of the opportunity set for investors.

Against the backdrop of tight credit spreads in both the investment grade and high yield markets, we are seeing tremendous value in the trade finance space (Figure 3).

Figure 3: Spreads are tightening in corporate bond markets

In addition to the shorter duration, lower default probabilities, and higher recoveries available for corporate credit exposures taken via trade finance, we are also currently enjoying substantial yield pick-up ranging from 100 bps to as much as 2,000 bps in some cases, relative to observable benchmarks in the investment grade and high yield markets. While there is some additional complexity and operational intensiveness involved with supply chain finance compared to corporate bonds, the magnitude of the relative credit premium is undeniable and presents one of the most compelling opportunities that we see across all asset markets. We are fortunate to have been focused on supply chain finance for the past two years and find ourselves fully prepared to capitalize on this market dislocation for our investors.

We would be remiss to not discuss the SPAC market, given the impact this strategy has had on both our returns and volatility. Despite what has been a difficult four weeks for the strategy, having gotten caught up in the growth and secular winner risk unwind of the first quarter, we would note that the strategy has delivered positive returns thus far in 2021, and we see attractive valuations and compelling investment opportunities available. And, while we think that security selection is more important now than ever to derive returns from the SPAC market, we are heartened by the very modest level of embedded optionality being priced into the market right now, with the 411 SPACs looking for acquisitions as of quarter-end, trading at only a 1.1% and 1.7% discount, on a mean and median basis, as demonstrated by ÃÛ¶¹ÊÓƵ Investment Bank data, to the cash in trust that offers downside support in SPAC securities (Figure 4).

Figure 4: Tightening spreads in SPAC market suggest downside support

Longtime investors have likely observed that over the past few months we have increased the capital allocated to our merger arbitrage strategy, which has been one of O'Connor's core investment strengths throughout our history. An exciting dynamic emerging from the COVID-19 crisis is the fact that corporate confidence in the economy and commitment to strategic activity has dramatically improved over the past two quarters (Figure 5).

Figure 5: US M&A Volume and CEO Confidence

With confidence and conviction now taking hold in corporate boardrooms, announced M&A monthly transaction volumes have increased over the first quarter (Figure 6). We expect higher M&A activity levels to sustain throughout 2021, creating the opportunity for us to scale up a diversified portfolio of investments.

Figure 6: Global M&A announced volume, 2020 – March 2021

After the hard work of repositioning the multi-strategy approach three years ago, we continue to be excited about our strategic competencies and the outlook for performance which carried through in the first quarter of 2021. While we know that returns and volatility will moderate from the levels experienced in 2020, we believe our approach is durable and can serve as a ballast in investor portfolios, by delivering attractive risk-adjusted and uncorrelated returns.

While our investment teams continue to work effectively from a mixture of our offices around the world and their home offices, we are looking forward to connecting with each other and with many of you in person as soon as vaccine distributions accelerate around the world.